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  • ASTM
    F685-96(2011) Standard Practice for Determining Toner Usage, Efficiency, and Dusting Nonheat Fixing Copiers Using Single-Component Toner Systems
    Edition: 2011
    $82.37
    Unlimited Users per year

Description of ASTM-F685 2011

ASTM F685 - 96(2011)

Standard Practice for Determining Toner Usage, Efficiency, and Dusting Nonheat Fixing Copiers Using Single-Component Toner Systems

Active Standard ASTM F685 | Developed by Subcommittee: F05.04

Book of Standards Volume: 15.09




ASTM F685

Significance and Use

Many dry electrostatic developers consist of toners and carriers and only the toner portion of which forms the visible image on the copy. Single-component toner (or developer) does not contain a carrier, and in theory, when properly used, is consumed at a rate proportional to the image area and density. As with all dry developers, single-component toners (or developers) are not 100 % efficient. Some toner is lost to the surroundings (inside or outside of the copiers). This loss is also dependent on copier adjustments and may be significant enough to affect the total number of copies capable of being produced by a specific amount of toner.

1. Scope

1.1 This practice covers the determination of toner usage, efficiency of toner deposition on an imaged copy, and dusting in those nonheat fixing copiers utilizing a single-component toner.

1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. See Section 8 and 10.19.2 for specific precautions and warnings.


2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

F335 Terminology Relating to Electrostatic Imaging

F875 Test Method for Evaluation of Large Area Density and Background on Office Copiers


Keywords

development efficiency; non-heat fixing; single-component toner; toner dusting; toner usage; Copy materials/products--office; Deposits/deposition; Dusting; Electrostatic copier


ICS Code

ICS Number Code 37.100.10 (Reproduction equipment)


DOI: 10.1520/F0685-96R11

ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.

ASTM F685

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About ASTM

ASTM International, formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), is a globally recognized leader in the development and delivery of international voluntary consensus standards. Today, some 12,000 ASTM standards are used around the world to improve product quality, enhance safety, facilitate market access and trade, and build consumer confidence. ASTM’s leadership in international standards development is driven by the contributions of its members: more than 30,000 of the world’s top technical experts and business professionals representing 150 countries. Working in an open and transparent process and using ASTM’s advanced electronic infrastructure, ASTM members deliver the test methods, specifications, guides, and practices that support industries and governments worldwide.
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