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Description of ASTM-E1221 2012ASTM E1221 - 12aStandard Test Method for Determining Plane-Strain Crack-Arrest Fracture Toughness, K Ia , of Ferritic SteelsActive Standard ASTM E1221 | Developed by Subcommittee: E08.07 Book of Standards Volume: 03.01 ASTM E1221Significance and Use 5.1 In structures containing gradients in either toughness or stress, a crack may initiate in a region of either low toughness or high stress, or both, and arrest in another region of either higher toughness or lower stress, or both. The value of the stress intensity factor during the short time interval in which a fast-running crack arrests is a measure of the ability of the material to arrest such a crack. Values of the stress intensity factor of this kind, which are determined using dynamic methods of analysis, provide a value for the crack-arrest fracture toughness which will be termed K A in this discussion. Static methods of analysis, which are much less complex, can often be used to determine K at a short time (1 to 2 ms) after crack arrest. The estimate of the crack-arrest fracture toughness obtained in this fashion is termed K a . When macroscopic dynamic effects are relatively small, the difference between K A and K a is also small ( 1- 4 ) . For cracks propagating under conditions of crack-front plane-strain, in situations where the dynamic effects are also known to be small, K Ia determinations using laboratory-sized specimens have been used successfully to estimate whether, and at what point, a crack will arrest in a structure ( 5 , 6 ) . Depending upon component design, loading compliance, and the crack jump length, a dynamic analysis of a fast-running crack propagation event may be necessary in order to predict whether crack arrest will occur and the arrest position. In such cases, values of K Ia determined by this test method can be used to identify those values of K below which the crack speed is zero. More details on the use of dynamic analyses can be found in Ref ( 4 ) . 5.2 This test method can serve at least the following additional purposes: 5.2.1 In materials research and development, to establish in quantitative terms significant to service performance, the effects of metallurgical variables (such as composition or heat treatment) or fabrication operations (such as welding or forming) on the ability of a new or existing material to arrest running cracks. 5.2.2 In design, to assist in selection of materials for, and determine locations and sizes of, stiffeners and arrestor plates. 1. Scope 1.1 This test method employs a side-grooved, crack-line-wedge-loaded specimen to obtain a rapid run-arrest segment of flat-tensile separation with a nearly straight crack front. This test method provides a static analysis determination of the stress intensity factor at a short time after crack arrest. The estimate is denoted K a . When certain size requirements are met, the test result provides an estimate, termed K Ia , of the plane-strain crack-arrest toughness of the material. 1.2 The specimen size requirements, discussed later, provide for in-plane dimensions large enough to allow the specimen to be modeled by linear elastic analysis. For conditions of plane-strain, a minimum specimen thickness is also required. Both requirements depend upon the crack arrest toughness and the yield strength of the material. A range of specimen sizes may therefore be needed, as specified in this test method. 1.3 If the specimen does not exhibit rapid crack propagation and arrest, K a cannot be determined. 1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standards. The values given in parentheses are provided for information only. 1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ASTM Standards E8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials E23 Test Methods for Notched Bar Impact Testing of Metallic Materials E208 Test Method for Conducting Drop-Weight Test to Determine Nil-Ductility Transition Temperature of Ferritic Steels E399 Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain Fracture Toughness K Ic of Metallic Materials E616 Terminology Relating to Fracture Testing E1304 Test Method for Plane-Strain (Chevron-Notch) Fracture Toughness of Metallic Materials E1823 Terminology Relating to Fatigue and Fracture Testing Keywords ICS Code ICS Number Code 77.040.10 (Mechanical testing of metals) DOI: 10.1520/E1221-12A ASTM International is a member of CrossRef. ASTM E1221The following editions for this book are also available...This book also exists in the following packages...Subscription InformationMADCAD.com ASTM Standards subscriptions are annual and access is unlimited concurrency based (number of people that can access the subscription at any given time) from single office location. For pricing on multiple office location ASTM Standards Subscriptions, please contact us at info@madcad.com or +1 800.798.9296.
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About ASTMASTM International, formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), is a globally recognized leader in the development and delivery of international voluntary consensus standards. Today, some 12,000 ASTM standards are used around the world to improve product quality, enhance safety, facilitate market access and trade, and build consumer confidence. ASTM’s leadership in international standards development is driven by the contributions of its members: more than 30,000 of the world’s top technical experts and business professionals representing 150 countries. Working in an open and transparent process and using ASTM’s advanced electronic infrastructure, ASTM members deliver the test methods, specifications, guides, and practices that support industries and governments worldwide. |
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