1. Scope

1.1 This test method covers hydraulic conductivity compatibility testing of saturated soils in the laboratory with aqueous solutions that may alter hydraulic conductivity (for example, waste related liquids) using a flexible-wall permeameter. A hydraulic conductivity test is conducted until both hydraulic and chemical equilibrium are achieved such that potential interactions between the soil specimen being permeated and the aqueous solution are taken into consideration with respect to the measured hydraulic conductivity.

1.2 This test method is applicable to soils with hydraulic conductivities less than approximately 1 10 ^-8 m/s.

1.3 In addition to hydraulic conductivity, intrinsic permeability can be determined for a soil if the density and viscosity of the aqueous solution are known or can be determined.

1.4 This test method can be used for all specimen types, including undisturbed, reconstituted, remolded, compacted, etc. specimens.

1.5 A specimen may be saturated and permeated using three methods. Method 1 is for saturation with water and permeation with aqueous solution. Method 2 is for saturation and permeation with aqueous solution. Method 3 is for saturation with water, initial permeation with water, and subsequent permeation with aqueous solution.

1.6 The amount of flow through a specimen in response to a hydraulic gradient generated across the specimen is measured with respect to time. The amount and properties of influent and effluent liquids are monitored during the test.

1.7 The hydraulic conductivity with an aqueous solution is determined using procedures similar to determination of hydraulic conductivity of saturated soils with water as described in Test Methods D 5084. Several test procedures can be used, including the falling headwater-rising tailwater, the constant-head, the falling headwater-constant tailwater, or the constant rate-of-flow test procedures.

1.8 The standard units for the hydraulic conductivity values are the SI units, unless other units are specified. Hydraulic conductivity has traditionally been expressed in cm/s in the U.S., even though the official SI unit for hydraulic conductivity is m/s.

1.9 This standard contains a Hazards section related to using hazardous liquids (Section 7).

This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids

D698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft3 (600 kN-m/m3))

D854 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Soil Solids by Water Pycnometer

D888 Test Methods for Dissolved Oxygen in Water

D1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resistivity of Water

D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water

D1429 Test Methods for Specific Gravity of Water and Brine

D1498 Test Method for Oxidation-Reduction Potential of Water

D1557 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Modified Effort (56,000 ft-lbf/ft3 (2,700 kN-m/m3))

D1587 Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Sampling of Soils for Geotechnical Purposes

D1889 Test Method for Turbidity of Water

D2216 Test Methods for Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of Soil and Rock by Mass

D2435 Test Methods for One-Dimensional Consolidation Properties of Soils Using Incremental Loading

D3550 Practice for Thick Wall, Ring-Lined, Split Barrel, Drive Sampling of Soils

D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction

D3977 Test Methods for Determining Sediment Concentration in Water Samples

D4128 Guide for Identification and Quantitation of Organic Compounds in Water by Combined Gas Chromatography and Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry

D4220 Practices for Preserving and Transporting Soil Samples

D4327 Test Method for Anions in Water by Suppressed Ion Chromatography

D4448 Guide for Sampling Ground-Water Monitoring Wells

D4691 Practice for Measuring Elements in Water by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry

D4696 Guide for Pore-Liquid Sampling from the Vadose Zone

D4700 Guide for Soil Sampling from the Vadose Zone

D4753 Guide for Evaluating, Selecting, and Specifying Balances and Standard Masses for Use in Soil, Rock, and Construction Materials Testing

D4767 Test Method for Consolidated Undrained Triaxial Compression Test for Cohesive Soils

D4972 Test Method for pH of Soils

D5084 Test Methods for Measurement of Hydraulic Conductivity of Saturated Porous Materials Using a Flexible Wall Permeameter

D5673 Test Method for Elements in Water by Inductively Coupled Plasma--Mass Spectrometry

D5790 Test Method for Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry

D6001 Guide for Direct-Push Ground Water Sampling for Environmental Site Characterization

D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data

D6151 Practice for Using Hollow-Stem Augers for Geotechnical Exploration and Soil Sampling

D6286 Guide for Selection of Drilling Methods for Environmental Site Characterization

D6517 Guide for Field Preservation of Groundwater Samples

D6519 Practice for Sampling of Soil Using the Hydraulically Operated Stationary Piston Sampler

D6919 Test Method for Determination of Dissolved Alkali and Alkaline Earth Cations and Ammonium in Water and Wastewater by Ion Chromatography

E70 Test Method for pH of Aqueous Solutions With the Glass Electrode

E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method

Keywords

constant head; falling head; hydraulic barrier; hydraulic compatibility; hydraulic conductivity; intrinsic permeability; liner;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 13.080.40 (Hydrological properties of soil)

DOI: 10.1520/D7100-06

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