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ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code (BPVC), Section VII-Recommended Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers, 2015
- Table of Contents
- List of Sections [Go to Page]
- INTERPRETATIONS
- CODE CASES
- Foreword
- Statement of Policy on the Use of the Certification Mark and Code Authorization in Advertising
- Statement of Policy on the Use of ASME Marking to Identify Manufactured Items
- Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees [Go to Page]
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Inquiry Format
- 3 Code Revisions or Additions
- 4 Code Cases
- 5 Code Interpretations
- 6 Submittals
- Personnel
- Organization of Section VII [Go to Page]
- 1 General
- 2 Subsections and Articles
- 3 Appendices
- Summary of Changes
- List of Changes in Record Number Order
- Cross-Referencing and Stylistic Changes in the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code [Go to Page]
- Subparagraph Breakdowns/Nested Lists Hierarchy
- Footnotes
- Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees
- Cross-References
- Subsection 1 Watertube Drum-Type Industrial Steam Boilers [Go to Page]
- Article 100 Fundamentals of Watertube Boilers [Go to Page]
- 100.1 Steam Generation
- 100.2 Watertube Boilers
- 100.3 Boiler Assembly Types [Go to Page]
- 100.3.1 Shop-Assembled (Package) Boilers
- 100.3.2 Field-Assembled Boilers
- 100.4 Economizers
- 100.5 Superheaters
- 100.6 Combustion
- 100.7 Boiler Efficiency and Air Emissions
- Article 101 Boiler Operation [Go to Page]
- 101.1 General Guidelines [Go to Page]
- 101.1.1 Operator Training
- 101.1.2 Preventing Explosions
- 101.1.3 Maintaining Proper Water Level
- 101.1.4 Maintaining Proper Furnace Pressure
- 101.1.5 Maintaining Clearance for Expansion
- 101.1.6 Reference Sources
- 101.2 Preparing for Operation [Go to Page]
- 101.2.1 Inspection
- 101.2.2 Chemical Cleaning
- 101.2.3 Safety Checklist for Boiler Examination
- 101.2.4 Water-Side Checklist
- 101.2.5 Fire-Side Checklist
- 101.2.6 External Checklist
- 101.2.7 Pressure Testing
- 101.3 Starting Up [Go to Page]
- 101.3.1 General
- 101.3.2 Establish Water Level
- 101.3.3 Light-Off
- 101.3.4 Going Online
- 101.4 Online Operation [Go to Page]
- 101.4.1 Operating Data
- 101.4.2 Water-Side Operations
- 101.4.3 Pressure Relief Valves
- 101.4.4 Leaks
- 101.4.5 Soot Blowing
- 101.5 Out-of-Service Operation [Go to Page]
- 101.5.1 Shutdown
- 101.5.2 Draining
- 101.5.3 Isolation
- 101.5.4 Water-Side Cleaning
- 101.5.5 Fire-Side Cleaning
- 101.5.6 Storage
- Article 102 Boiler Auxiliaries [Go to Page]
- 102.1 Preparation of Auxiliaries for Service
- 102.2 Fuel-Burning Equipment [Go to Page]
- 102.2.1 General
- 102.2.2 Preparation for Operation
- 102.2.3 Ignitors
- 102.2.4 Gas Systems
- 102.2.5 Oil Systems
- 102.2.6 Response to Tube Failure
- 102.3 Air Heaters [Go to Page]
- 102.3.1 Preparation for Placing in Service
- 102.3.2 Placing in Service
- 102.3.3 Normal Operation
- 102.3.4 Emergency Operation Due to Fire
- 102.4 Boiler Feed Pumps [Go to Page]
- 102.4.1 Preparation for Service
- 102.4.2 Placing in Service
- 102.4.3 Normal Operation
- 102.5 Auxiliary Drives [Go to Page]
- 102.5.1 Motor Start-Up and Operation Checks
- 102.5.2 Mechanical Drive Turbine Start-Up and Operation Checks
- 102.6 Draft Fans [Go to Page]
- 102.6.1 Preparation for Service
- 102.6.2 Placing in Service
- 102.6.3 Normal Operation
- 102.6.4 Emergency Operation
- 102.7 Dampers
- Article 103 Appurtenances [Go to Page]
- 103.1 Boiler Pressure Relief Valves [Go to Page]
- 103.1.1 General
- 103.1.2 Pressure Relief Valve Maintenance
- 103.1.3 Pressure Relief Valve Testing
- 103.2 Pressure Relief Valves for Economizers and Auxiliaries [Go to Page]
- 103.2.1 General
- 103.2.2 Examination and Maintenance
- 103.2.3 Repair and Testing
- 103.3 Transportation and Installation of Pressure Relief Valves
- 103.4 Water Columns, Gage Classes, and Level Transmitters [Go to Page]
- 103.4.1 Proper Blowdown Procedure
- 103.4.2 Proper Valve Types
- 103.4.3 Proper and Complete Heat Insulation
- 103.4.4 Leakage Correction
- 103.5 Boiler Blowdown
- 103.6 Pressure Gages [Go to Page]
- 103.6.1
- 103.6.2
- 103.6.3
- 103.6.4
- 103.6.5
- 103.7 Feedwater Regulator Valve
- 103.8 Soot Blowers
- 103.9 Fusible Plugs
- Article 104 Instrumentation, Controls, and Interlocks [Go to Page]
- 104.1 General
- 104.2 Indicators and Recorders [Go to Page]
- 104.2.1 Indicating Devices
- 104.2.2 Recording Devices
- 104.2.3 Preparation for and Placing in Service
- 104.2.4 Checking and Testing
- 104.3 Water-Level Indication
- 104.4 Controls and Interlocks [Go to Page]
- 104.4.1 Controls
- 104.4.2 Interlocks
- 104.4.3 Safety Controls
- 104.4.4 Preparation for and Placing in Service
- 104.4.5 Checking and Testing
- Article 105 Examinations [Go to Page]
- 105.1 Scope
- 105.2 Inspection and Examination Frequency
- 105.3 Preparation for Inspection or Examination [Go to Page]
- 105.3.1 General
- 105.3.2 Water Side
- 105.3.3 Fire Side
- 105.3.4 External Surfaces and Parts
- 105.4 Examination of Internal Surfaces of Boilers and Appurtenances [Go to Page]
- 105.4.1 All Boilers
- 105.4.2 Watertube Boilers
- 105.5 Examination of External Surfaces of Boilers, Appurtenances, and Auxiliaries [Go to Page]
- 105.5.1 General
- 105.5.2 Piping
- 105.5.3 Pressure Relief Valves
- 105.5.4 Other Boiler-Related Items
- 105.6 Care and Maintenance [Go to Page]
- 105.6.1 Housekeeping
- 105.6.2 Certificates and Licenses
- 105.6.3 Record Keeping and Logs
- 105.7 Repairs
- 105.8 Pressure Tests
- 105.9 General Listing of Examinations [Go to Page]
- 105.9.1 All Examinations
- 105.9.2 Internal Examinations
- 105.10 Inspector
- Article 106 Repairs, Alterations, and Maintenance [Go to Page]
- 106.1 Repairs and Alterations
- 106.2 Maintenance [Go to Page]
- 106.2.1 General
- 106.2.2 Information to Assist in Maintenance
- 106.2.3 Maintenance Checks
- 106.2.4 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance
- 106.3 Boiler Maintenance Programs [Go to Page]
- 106.3.1 Examination and Overhaul Procedures
- 106.3.2 Maintenance and Overhaul Scheduling
- 106.3.3 Equipment Histories and Spare Parts Inventories
- 106.3.4 Personnel Training
- 106.3.5 Equipment Improvement
- 106.4 Maintenance Checks for Steam Boilers [Go to Page]
- 106.4.1 Watertube Boilers
- 106.5 Checklists to Assist in Maintenance
- Subsection 2 Pertaining to All Steam Boilers [Go to Page]
- Article 200 Protecting Heat Transfer Surfaces [Go to Page]
- 200.1 General
- 200.2 Internal Cleaning of Boilers
- 200.3 Laying up of Boilers [Go to Page]
- 200.3.1 Water Side
- 200.3.2 Dry Storage
- 200.3.3 Wet Storage
- 200.3.4 Fire Side
- 200.4 Deposits [Go to Page]
- 200.4.1 Scale
- 200.4.2 Sludge
- 200.4.3 Internal Deposit Monitoring
- 200.5 Internal Corrosion [Go to Page]
- 200.5.1 General
- 200.5.2 Oxygen Corrosion
- 200.5.3 Caustic Corrosion
- 200.5.4 Chelate Corrosion
- 200.5.5 Acid Corrosion
- 200.5.6 Auxiliary Equipment Corrosion
- 200.5.7 Examinations
- 200.6 Corrosion Cracking of Boiler Steel [Go to Page]
- 200.6.1
- 200.6.2
- 200.6.3
- 200.6.4
- 200.6.5
- 200.6.6
- 200.6.7
- 200.7 Steam Contamination [Go to Page]
- 200.7.1 General
- 200.7.2 Control of Steam Contamination
- 200.8 Sampling, Testing, Controlling, and Reporting of Analyses of Water [Go to Page]
- 200.8.1 Sampling
- 200.8.2 Testing
- 200.9 Fire-Side Conditions [Go to Page]
- 200.9.1 General
- 200.9.2 Soot
- 200.9.3 Slag
- 200.9.4 Corrosion
- Article 201 Preventing Boiler Failures [Go to Page]
- 201.1 General
- 201.2 Overpressure [Go to Page]
- 201.2.1 Indicators — Steam Pressure Gages
- 201.2.2 Pressure Relief Valves
- 201.2.3 Relief Equipment — Fusible Plugs
- 201.3 High or Low Water Level [Go to Page]
- 201.3.1 Indicators — Water Glasses
- 201.3.2 Indicators — Automatic High- and Low-Water-Level Alarms
- 201.3.3 Automatic Trip
- 201.4 Weakening of Structure [Go to Page]
- 201.4.1 Boiler Start-Up
- 201.4.2 Control of Water Level
- 201.4.3 Erosion
- 201.4.4 Internal Corrosion
- 201.4.5 External Corrosion
- 201.4.6 Boiler Shutdown
- 201.4.7 Boiler out of Service
- 201.4.8 Failure of Supports
- 201.4.9 Mechanical Damage
- 201.5 Operation of Combustion Equipment
- 201.6 Furnace Explosions
- 201.7 Furnace Implosions
- Article 202 Documents, Records, and References [Go to Page]
- 202.1 Code Documentation
- 202.2 Referenced Documents
- 202.3 Record Drawings and Documentation
- 202.4 References [Go to Page]
- 202.4.1 Published Documents Referenced in This Code
- 202.4.2 Other Documents Relating to Boilers
- Subsection 3 Other Boiler Types [Go to Page]
- Article 300 Firetube Boilers [Go to Page]
- 300.1 General
- 300.2 Out-of-Service Operation [Go to Page]
- 300.2.1 Isolation
- 300.2.2 Water-Side Cleaning
- 300.3 Internal Examinations [Go to Page]
- 300.3.1 Stays and Braces
- 300.3.2 Tube Defects
- 300.3.3 Ligaments Between Tube Holes
- 300.3.4 Manholes and Other Openings
- 300.3.5 Fire Surfaces
- 300.4 External Examination
- 300.5 Maintenance [Go to Page]
- 300.5.1 General
- 300.5.2 Maintenance Checks
- 300.5.3 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance
- 300.5.4 Checklist to Assist in Maintenance
- Article 301 Electric Steam Boilers [Go to Page]
- 301.1 Types and Features
- 301.2 Resistance-Element Electric Boilers [Go to Page]
- 301.2.1 Water Quality and Treatment for Resistance-Element Electric Boilers
- 301.2.2 General Care and Maintenance of Resistance-Element Electric Boilers
- 301.3 Electrode Steam Boilers [Go to Page]
- 301.3.1 Basic Electrode Steam Boilers
- 301.3.2 Commonly Used Electrode Steam Boiler Designs
- 301.3.3 Jet-Spray Electrode Steam Boiler Designs
- 301.3.4 Water Quality and Treatment for Electrode Steam Boilers
- 301.3.5 Electrical System Requirements for Electrode Steam Boilers
- 301.3.6 Maintenance Requirements for Electrode System Boilers
- Article 302 Utility Boilers [Go to Page]
- 302.1 Start-Up [Go to Page]
- 302.1.1 Establish Water Level
- 302.1.2 Direct Spring-Loaded Pressure Relief Valves
- Subsection 4 Coal-Fired and Other Solid-Fuel-Fired Boilers [Go to Page]
- Article 400 Stoker-Fired Boilers [Go to Page]
- 400.1 General
- 400.2 Preparation for Service
- 400.3 Stoker Firing
- 400.4 Shutting Down
- 400.5 High Water Level in Stoker-Fired Boilers
- 400.6 Boiler Tube Failure on Stoker-Fired Units
- Article 401 Pulverized-Coal-Fired Boilers [Go to Page]
- 401.1 General
- 401.2 Preparation for Service
- 401.3 Maintaining Proper Furnace Pressure
- 401.4 Pulverized-Coal Firing
- 401.5 Shutting Down
- 401.6 Fire in Nonoperating Pulverizers
- 401.7 Fire in Operating Pulverizers
- 401.8 Fire in Pulverized-Fuel Systems
- 401.9 Instrumentation, Controls, and Interlocks for Pulverized-Fuel Operation
- 401.10 Cyclone Furnaces
- Article 402 Ash Removal [Go to Page]
- 402.1 General
- 402.2 Bottom Ash — Wet Removal
- 402.3 Bottom Ash — Dry Removal
- 402.4 Fly Ash Removal
- 402.5 Fire-Side Cleaning
- Article 403 Maintenance [Go to Page]
- 403.1 Maintenance Checks — Stokers [Go to Page]
- 403.1.1 Underfeed Stoker
- 403.1.2 Spreader Stoker
- 403.1.3 Dump Grates
- 403.1.4 Traveling Grates
- 403.2 Maintenance Checks — Pulverized-Coal Firing [Go to Page]
- 403.2.1 Feeder
- 403.2.2 Pulverizer
- 403.2.3 Exhauster
- 403.2.4 Burner
- 403.3 Maintenance Checks — Ash Removal System [Go to Page]
- 403.3.1
- 403.3.2
- Subsection 5 Glossary
- Mandatory Appendices [Go to Page]
- Mandatory Appendix I Standard Units for Use in Equations
- Nonmandatory Appendices [Go to Page]
- Nonmandatory Appendix A Checklists for Maintenance Examinations [Go to Page]
- Article A-100 Procedures for Care and Maintenance of Package Boilers [Go to Page]
- A-100.1 Cleaning of Parts and Strainers
- A-100.2 Care of Motors and Electrical Equipment
- A-100.3 Drying of Parts After Water Immersion
- A-100.4 Permanent or Seasonal Shutdown
- Article A-101 Maintenance Checks for Gas-, Oil-, and Solid-Fuel-Fired Watertube Boilers
- Article A-102 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance for Gas-, Oil-, or Solid-Fuel-Fired Watertube Boilers
- Article A-103 Maintenance Checks for Firetube Boilers
- Article A-104 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance for Firetube Boilers
- Nonmandatory Appendix B Guidance for the Use of U.S. Customary and SI Units in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code [Go to Page]
- B-100 Use of Units in Equations
- B-200 Guidelines Used to Develop SI Equivalents
- B-300 Soft Conversion Factors
- Figures [Go to Page]
- 100.2-1 Simple Steam Drum
- 100.2-2 Steam Drum With Tubes
- 100.2-3 Steam Drum Internals — Baffle Type
- 100.2-4 Steam Drum Internals — Double-Row Arrangement, Cyclone Separator Type
- 100.4-1 Typical Economizer
- 102.2.3-1 Simplified Pilot Gas Piping Arrangement
- 102.2.5.2-1 Simplified Fuel Oil Train — Single Burner With Oil Heating
- 102.3.1-1 Typical Tubular Air Heater
- 102.3.1-2 Typical Regenerative Air Heater
- 102.3.1-3 Details of Regenerative Air Heater, Bisector Type
- 102.4.2-1 Typical Centrifugal Boiler Feed Pump, Water Connections
- 102.5-1 Typical Motor Drive
- 102.5-2 Typical Single-Stage Turbine Drive
- 102.5-3 Typical Turbine Drive Arrangement
- 102.6.1-1 Airfoil Blade Centrifugal Fan With Inlet Vane Control
- 102.7-1 Typical Outlet Fan Dampers (Multilouver)
- 103.1.2.9-1 Typical Direct Spring-Loaded Safety Valve
- 103.1.2.9-2 Recommended Direct Spring-Loaded Safety Valve Installation
- 103.1.3-1 Application of Test Gag
- 103.1.3-2 Hydraulic Lift Assist Device
- 103.4-1 Typical Installation of a Boiler Water-Level Gage
- 103.4.1-1 Gage Glass and Water Column Blowdown Procedure
- 103.4.2-1 Y‐Type Globe Valve
- 105.3.1-1 Typical Valve Lineup Prior to Inspection or Examination
- 105.4.1.2-1 Typical Forms of Fusible Plugs
- 200.4.1-1 Scale Causing Overheating and Tube Failure
- 200.4.1-2 Deposit Effect on Boiler Tube Versus Tube Temperature
- 200.5.2-1 Oxygen Corrosion in an Economizer Tube
- 200.5.3-1 Caustic Gouge-Type Attack on Boiler Tube
- 200.5.4-1 Chelate Attack Caused by Excessive Feed of Chemical
- 200.5.6-1 CO2 Carbonic Acid Attack on Condensate Pipe
- 200.5.6-2 Oxygen Attack on Condensate Pipe
- 200.6.6-1 H+ Damage on Boiler Tube
- 300.3.1-1 Typical Stays
- 301.2-1 Typical Electric Steam Boiler With Resistance Elements
- 301.2-2 Typical Electric Steam Boiler With Electronic Water-Level Controls
- 301.2-3 Typical Large Industrial 300-kW Electric Steam Boiler With Resistance Elements Mounted Horizontally
- 301.3.1-1 Electrode Steam Boiler
- 301.3.3-1 Basic Electrode Steam Boiler With Jet Spray and Mechanical Control Shield
- 301.3.3-2 Electrode Steam Boiler With Jet Spray and Variable-Speed Pump Control
- 400.1-1 Typical Underfeed Stoker
- 400.1-2 Feeder–Distributor for Firing of Coal on a Spreader Stoker
- 400.1-3 Spreader Stoker, Continuous Ash Discharge Grate
- 401.2-1 Typical Bowl Mill
- 401.2-2 Typical Attrition Mill
- 401.2-3 Arrangement of Ball-Tube Mill
- 401.4-1 Burner for Horizontal Firing of Coal
- Tables [Go to Page]
- 200.8.1-1 Methods for Sampling of Water and Steam
- 200.8.2-1 Methods of Analysis for the Control of Water for Boilers
- 200.8.2-2 Useful Tests for the Control of Water for Boilers
- I-100-1 Standard Units for Use in Equations
- Forms [Go to Page]
- A-101-1 Watertube Boilers — Maintenance Checks
- A-102-1 Watertube Boilers — Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance
- A-103-1 Firetube Boilers — Maintenance Checks
- A-104-1 Firetube Boilers — Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance [Go to Page]