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IEEE Guide for the Protection of Shunt Capacitor Banks, 2000
- Title Page
- Introduction
- Participants
- CONTENTS
- 1. Overview [Go to Page]
- 1.1 Scope
- 1.2 Purpose
- 2. References
- 3. Definitions
- 4. Basic considerations [Go to Page]
- 4.1 Capacitor unit capabilities
- 4.2 Arrangement of capacitor units [Go to Page]
- 4.2.1 Externally fused shunt capacitor banks
- 4.2.2 Internally fused shunt capacitor banks
- 4.2.3 Fuseless shunt capacitor banks
- 4.2.4 Unfused shunt capacitor banks
- 4.3 Capacitor bank design [Go to Page]
- 4.3.1 Externally fused
- 4.3.2 Internally fused
- 4.3.3 Fuseless banks
- 4.3.4 Unfused banks
- 4.4 Overvoltage on remaining capacitor units [Go to Page]
- 4.4.1 Externally fused bank
- 4.4.2 Internally fused bank
- 4.4.3 Fuseless bank
- 4.4.4 Unfused bank
- 5. Bank connections [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Grounded wye-connected banks [Go to Page]
- 5.1.1 One unit phase to ground
- 5.1.2 Multiple units in series phase to ground—single wye
- 5.1.3 Multiple units in series phase to ground—double wye
- 5.2 Ungrounded wye-connected banks [Go to Page]
- 5.2.1 One unit phase to neutral
- 5.2.2 Multiple units in series phase to neutral—single wye
- 5.2.3 Multiple units in series phase to neutral—double wye
- 5.3 Delta-connected banks
- 5.4 H configuration
- 6. Other considerations [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Single-point and peninsula grounding
- 6.2 Neutral grounding
- 7. Introduction to bank and system protection [Go to Page]
- 7.1 Bank protection [Go to Page]
- 7.1.1 General fuse requirements (for banks with fuses)
- 7.1.2 External fuse selection and operation
- 7.1.3 Internal fuse operation
- 7.1.4 Capacitor unbalance protection
- 7.1.5 Protection for rack faults (arc-over within the capacitor rack)
- 7.2 System protection [Go to Page]
- 7.2.1 External arcing
- 7.2.2 Overvoltages
- 7.2.3 Bank overcurrent protection
- 7.2.4 Loss of bus voltage
- 7.2.5 Fusing for capacitor bank relaying
- 7.2.6 Capacitor bank breaker failure protection
- 7.2.7 Surge arrester protection
- 8. Unbalance relaying methods [Go to Page]
- 8.1 Introduction
- 8.2 General unbalance relay considerations [Go to Page]
- 8.2.1 Schemes with ambiguous indication
- 8.2.2 Undetectable failure modes
- 8.2.3 Inherent unbalance, system unbalance, and other sources of error
- 8.2.4 Unbalance trip relay considerations
- 8.2.5 Unbalance alarm relay considerations
- 8.2.6 Comments on various protection schemes
- 8.2.7 Very large capacitor banks
- 8.2.8 Protection of unbalance relays
- 8.2.9 Current transformers for unbalance relaying
- 8.3 Externally fused capacitor banks [Go to Page]
- 8.3.1 General considerations
- 8.3.2 Using the calculated values
- 8.3.3 Introduction to capacitor bank unbalance calculations
- 8.3.4 Unbalance calculations—wye, delta, and single-phase
- 8.3.5 Unbalance calculations—tap voltage
- 8.3.6 Unbalance calculations—H-bridge
- 8.4 Internally fused capacitor banks [Go to Page]
- 8.4.1 General considerations
- 8.4.2 Using the calculated values
- 8.4.3 Introduction to capacitor bank unbalance calculations
- 8.4.4 Unbalance calculations—wye, delta, and single-phase
- 8.4.5 Unbalance calculations—H-bridge
- 8.4.6 Unbalance calculations—(midpoint) tap
- 8.5 Fuseless capacitor banks [Go to Page]
- 8.5.1 General considerations
- 8.5.2 Using the calculated values
- 8.5.3 Introduction to capacitor bank unbalance calculations
- 8.5.4 Unbalance calculations
- 8.6 Unfused capacitor banks [Go to Page]
- 8.6.1 General considerations
- 8.6.2 Using the calculated values
- 8.6.3 Introduction to capacitor bank unbalance calculations
- 8.6.4 Unbalance calculations
- 9. Protection of capacitor filter banks [Go to Page]
- 9.1 Filter bank protection [Go to Page]
- 9.1.1 Overcurrent and overload protection
- 9.1.2 Ground overcurrent protection
- 9.1.3 Resistor overload protection
- 9.1.4 Overvoltage protection
- 9.1.5 Capacitor unbalance protection
- 9.2 Multifrequency harmonic filter protection considerations
- 9.3 Static var compensator (SVC) capacitor protection
- 9.4 SVC filter protection
- 10. Capacitor bank equipment considerations [Go to Page]
- 10.1 Capacitor bank switching devices
- 10.2 Inrush control devices
- 10.3 Surge arresters
- 10.4 Voltage-sensing devices
- 10.5 Current-sensing devices
- 10.6 Transient currents [Go to Page]
- 10.6.1 Surge protection for current transformers
- 10.6.2 Surge protection of voltage transformers, capacitor-coupled voltage transformers, and resi...
- 10.6.3 Surge protection of relay systems associated with capacitor banks
- 10.7 Control cables
- 11. System considerations [Go to Page]
- 11.1 Resonance
- 11.2 Harmonics
- 11.3 Telephone interference
- 12. Commissioning, operation, and maintenance [Go to Page]
- 12.1 Preparation for initial energizing [Go to Page]
- 12.1.1 Visual and switching device inspection
- 12.1.2 Capacitance testing
- 12.1.3 Relay protection testing
- 12.1.4 Special recording
- 12.1.5 Initial energization
- 12.1.6 Additional tests (optional)
- 12.2 Response to alarm or lockout (trip) [Go to Page]
- 12.2.1 Oscillographic records
- 12.2.2 Inspection (after de-energization)
- 12.2.3 Testing
- 12.2.4 Capacitor unit removal and replacement
- 12.2.5 Returning bank to service after lockout
- 12.2.6 Servicing bank following alarm condition
- Annex A—Symbol definitions
- Annex B—Bibliography
- Annex C—Equations for effect of inherent unbalances
- Annex D—Inrush current and frequency for switching capacitor banks [Go to Page]