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BS EN 13094:2015 Tanks for the transport of dangerous goods. Metallic tanks with a working pressure not exceeding 0,5 bar. Design and construction, 2015
- Foreword
- 1 Scope
- 2 Normative references
- 3 Terms, definitions and symbols [Go to Page]
- 3.1 Terms and definitions
- 3.2 Symbols
- 4 Breather device and safety device
- 5 Materials [Go to Page]
- 5.1 General
- 5.2 Material properties [Go to Page]
- 5.2.1 Impact strength
- 5.2.2 Yield strength, tensile strength and elongation after fracture [Go to Page]
- 5.2.2.1 General
- 5.2.2.2 Yield strength and tensile strength
- 5.2.2.3 Elongation after fracture
- 5.3 Compatibility of shell materials with substances carried
- 6 Design [Go to Page]
- 6.1 General
- 6.2 Design verification
- 6.3 Requirements for shells of non-circular cross-section
- 6.4 Dynamic conditions
- 6.5 Pressure conditions
- 6.6 Partial vacuum conditions
- 6.7 Design temperature
- 6.8 Design stress
- 6.9 Shell thickness [Go to Page]
- 6.9.1 Minimum shell thickness
- 6.9.2 Reduction of shell thickness
- Table 1 — Absolute minimum shell thickness
- Table 2 — Minimum shell thickness for small and compartmented tanks [Go to Page]
- 6.10 Shell openings, neckrings and closures [Go to Page]
- 6.10.1 Inspection openings and manholes
- 6.10.2 Neckrings and closures
- 6.10.3 Cover plates
- 6.10.4 Mountings for service equipment
- 6.11 Shell partitions, surge plates and baffles
- 6.12 Attachments to the shell
- Table 3 — Minimum thickness of pipes passing through the shell [Go to Page]
- 6.13 Shell supporting structure
- 6.14 Protection of service equipment mounted on the tank top [Go to Page]
- 6.14.1 General requirements
- 6.14.2 Minimum requirements [Go to Page]
- 6.14.2.1 General
- 6.14.2.2 Longitudinal and transverse members
- Figure 1 — Typical arrangement of service equipment protected by longitudinal and transverse members [Go to Page]
- 6.14.2.3 Shell contours
- Figure 2 — Typical arrangement of service equipment protected by the contour of a shell [Go to Page]
- 6.14.2.4 Spill-trays
- Figure 3 — Typical arrangement of service equipment protected by spill-trays [Go to Page]
- 6.14.2.5 Roll-over bars
- Figure 4 — Typical arrangement of service equipment protected by roll-over bars [Go to Page]
- 6.14.2.6 Transverse box sections
- Figure 5 — Typical arrangement of service equipment protected by transverse box sections
- 7 Manufacture [Go to Page]
- 7.1 General
- 7.2 Cutting and edge preparation
- 7.3 Forming [Go to Page]
- 7.3.1 General
- 7.3.2 Hot forming
- 7.4 Welding [Go to Page]
- 7.4.1 Qualification
- 7.4.2 Welded joints
- 7.4.3 Temporary attachments
- 7.4.4 Examination and testing of welds
- 7.5 Manufacturing tolerances [Go to Page]
- 7.5.1 Plate alignment
- 7.5.2 Defects of form
- 7.5.3 Thickness
- 7.5.4 Tank ends
- 7.6 Rectification of defects [Go to Page]
- 7.6.1 General requirements
- 7.6.2 Rectification of weld defects
- Annex A (normative) Methods of design verification
- A.1 General
- A.2 Dynamic testing
- A.2.1 Methods for the verification of the loads specified in 6.4.2
- A.2.1.1 General
- A.2.1.2 Test a) — Braking
- A.2.1.3 Test b) — Driving over a bumpy track
- A.2.1.4 Test c) — Driving slowly in a circle of minimum diameter 15 m
- A.2.2 Test programme
- A.3 Finite element stress analysis
- A.3.1 Software selection
- A.3.2 Validation
- A.3.3 Approval
- A.3.4 Permanent record
- A.4 Reference design
- A.5 Calculation method – worksheet
- A.5.1 Introduction
- A.5.1.1 General
- A.5.1.2 Methodology of the calculation method
- A.5.1.2.1 General
- A.5.1.2.2 Minimum thicknesses of the walls, ends and closures
- A.5.1.2.3 Verification of the stresses in test condition
- A.5.1.2.4 Verification of the stresses in service condition
- A.5.1.3 Principal characteristics of the shell
- A.5.1.4 Minimum thicknesses adopted
- A.5.1.5 Mandatory minimum thicknesses
- A.5.1.6 Verification of the stresses at test pressure
- A.5.1.7 Verification of the stresses in service condition
- A.5.2 Symbols and units
- A.5.2.1 Main tank characteristics
- Figure A.1 — Main tank characteristics
- Figure A.2 — Wedge and cone -shaped tank sections
- Table A.1 — Dimensional parameters
- A.5.2.2 Calculation parameters
- A.5.2.2.1 Pressures
- Table A.2 — Pressures
- A.5.2.2.2 Calculation Pressure (Pc) in service conditions
- Table A.3 — Calculation pressure in service conditions
- A.5.2.2.3 Temperature
- Table A.4 — Temperature
- A.5.2.2.4 Tank and attachment materials
- Table A.5 — Materials
- Table A.6 — Values selected for calculation of equivalent thickness
- A.5.2.2.5 Maximum stresses permissible
- Table A.7 — Maximum stresses
- A.5.3 Minimum thicknesses adopted
- Table A.8 — Minimum thicknesses
- A.5.4 Mandatory thicknesses
- A.5.4.1 Calculated thicknesses
- Table A.9 — Calculated thicknesses
- A.5.4.2 Required or equivalent thicknesses
- Table A.10 — Required or equivalent thicknesses
- A.5.5 Verification of stresses at test pressure
- A.5.5.1 Shell walls
- A.5.5.1.1 Circular or non-circular cylindrical section wall (shell wall n __________________)
- Table A.11 — Stress at test pressure
- A.5.5.1.2 Circular or non-circular conical section wall (shell wall n ________)
- Table A.12 — Stress at test pressure
- A.5.5.2 Formed ends having circular or non-circular cross-section
- A.5.5.2.1 Pressure on the concave face
- Table A.13 — Data to be used for calculation
- Table A.14 — Stress at test pressure
- A.5.5.2.2 Pressure on their convex face
- Table A.15 — Data to be used for calculation
- Table A.16 — Elastic modulus in test conditions
- A.5.6 Verification of stresses in service condition
- A.5.6.1 Circumference stresses on shell walls
- A.5.6.1.1 Circular or non circular section cylindrical shell (shell wall n ________)
- Table A.17 — Stresses in service conditions
- A.5.6.1.2 Circular or non-circular section conical shell wall (shell wall n ________)
- Table A.18 — Stresses in service conditions
- A.5.6.2 Dynamic stresses
- A.5.6.2.1 Under normal transport conditions
- A.5.6.2.1.1 Stress due to bending
- A.5.6.2.1.2 Tensile stress due to pressure during transport
- A.5.6.2.1.3 Tensile stress due to static pressure
- A.5.6.2.1.4 Combined stress under normal transport conditions
- A.5.6.2.2 Stress under dynamic transport conditions
- A.5.6.2.2.1 Combined stress under pressure during transport, with static pressure and 2 g vertical
- A.5.6.2.2.2 Tensile stress due to longitudinal force of product in the tank with 2 g
- A.5.6.2.2.3 Combined stress under pressure during transport, with 1 g vertical and 2 g longitudinal
- A.5.6.3 Stresses in formed ends with circular or non-circular section
- A.5.6.3.1 Pressurized on their concave face
- Table A.19 — Data to be used for calculation
- Table A.20 — Stress in service conditions
- A.5.6.3.2 Pressurized on their convex face
- Table A.21 — Data to be used for calculation
- Table A.22 — Elastic modulus comparison in service conditions
- A.5.6.4 Formed partitions having circular or non-circular cross-section
- A.5.6.4.1 Pressurized on their concave face
- Table A.23 — Data to be used for calculation
- Table A.24 — Stress in service conditions
- A.5.6.4.2 Pressurized on their convex face
- Table A.25 — Data to be used for calculation
- Table A.26 — Elastic modulus comparison in service conditions
- A.5.7 Calculation of stress in tank attachments
- A.5.8 End made up of several welded elements
- Figure A.3 — Example of end made up of several welded elements
- Annex B (normative) Method of measurement of specific resilience
- B.1 Principle
- B.2 Apparatus
- Figure B.1 — Test piece mounting assembly body
- Figure B.2 — Clamping ring
- Figure B.3 — Test bar
- B.3 Samples of materials to be tested
- Figure B.4 — Test plate
- Figure B.5 — Clamp bolt sleeve (for non-metallic test plates only)
- B.4 Procedure
- Figure B.6 — Test rig assembly
- B.5 Results
- B.5.1 Test values
- B.5.2 Calculation of results
- B.5.3 Acceptability of material
- B.6 Global resilience (see 6.9.2.2 i))
- B.7 Comparative methods to calculate the energy absorbed during an overturning or an impact. (see 6.9.2.2 j))
- B.7.1 Calculation of absorbed energy
- B.7.2 Procedure to be adopted:
- B.7.2.1 Overturning
- B.7.2.2 Impact on lateral side and end
- Annex C (normative) Design of neckrings, flanges and closures
- Figure C.1 — Design of neckrings, flanges and closures
- Table C.1 — Requirements for neckrings, flanges and closures
- Annex D (informative) Examples of welding details
- D.1 General
- D.2 Tank construction
- D.2.1 Fillet welds
- Figure D.1 — Typical examples of effective depth of fillet welds
- D.2.2 Joint types
- D.2.2.1 General
- D.2.2.2 Butt joints
- D.2.2.2.1 Material of equal thickness
- Figure D.2 — Typical examples of butt joints with plates of equal thickness
- D.2.2.2.2 Material of different thickness
- Figure D.3 — Typical examples of butt joints with plates of different thickness
- Figure D.4 — Typical examples of end-to-shell butt joints
- Figure D.5 — Typical butt joint with backing plate
- D.2.2.3 Lap joints
- Figure D.6 — Typical lap joint
- Figure D.7 — Typical lap joints of an end to a shell
- Figure D.8 — Typical single weld lap joint of an end to a shell
- D.2.2.4 Corner joints
- D.2.2.4.1 Corner joints forming a component part of the main shell
- Figure D.9 — Typical corner joints
- D.2.2.4.2 Other corner joints
- Figure D.10 — Typical corner joints for bulkheads and ends
- D.2.2.5 Joints, other than corner joints, of internal partitions and surge plates
- D.2.2.5.1 Reinforced joints
- Figure D.11 — Typical reinforced joints
- D.2.2.5.2 Single-weld joints
- Figure D.12 — Typical single-weld joints
- D.2.2.5.3 Double-weld joints
- Figure D.13 — Typical double-weld joint
- D.2.2.5.4 Partition and end plate to shell joints
- Figure D.14 — Typical partition joints
- Figure D.15 — Typical examples of end-plate-to-shell joints
- D.3 Attachment of reinforcements
- D.3.1 Attachment of reinforcements designed to absorb dynamic stress
- Figure D.16 — Typical reinforcement attachment joints
- D.3.2 Attachment of reinforcements not designed to absorb dynamic stress
- Figure D.17 — Typical non-absorbent reinforcement attachment joints
- D.4 Attachment of branches
- Figure D.18 — Typical double-weld branch attachment joints
- Figure D.19 — Typical branch butt joint
- Figure D.20 — Typical sleeve attachment joints
- D.5 Attachment of flanges, collars and reinforcing pads to the shell
- Figure D.21 — Typical attachment joints for collars, flanges and pads
- D.6 Attachment of flanges onto branches
- Figure D.22 — Typical branch-to-flange attachment joints
- D.7 Attachment of heating channels to shells
- Figure D.23 — Typical attachment of heating channels to shells
- Bibliography [Go to Page]