Already a subscriber?
MADCAD.com Free Trial
Sign up for a 3 day free trial to explore the MADCAD.com interface, PLUS access the
2009 International Building Code to see how it all works.
If you like to setup a quick demo, let us know at support@madcad.com
or +1 800.798.9296 and we will be happy to schedule a webinar for you.
Security check
Please login to your personal account to use this feature.
Please login to your authorized staff account to use this feature.
Are you sure you want to empty the cart?
PD CEN/TR 13387-3:2015 Child use and care articles. General safety guidelines - Mechanical hazards, 2015
- Contents Page
- European foreword
- 1 Scope
- 2 Mechanical hazards - Safety philosophy
- 3 Terms and definitions
- 4 Accessibility of mechanical hazards [Go to Page]
- 4.1 General
- 4.2 Accessibility areas
- Table 1 — Reach envelopes for guidance in the specification of accessibility areas in standards - anthropometric data related to Figure 1
- Figure 1 — Reach envelopes for determination of accessibility areas [Go to Page]
- 4.3 Product information
- 5 Entrapment hazards [Go to Page]
- 5.1 Introduction
- Figure 2 — Entrapment matrix [Go to Page]
- 5.2 Entrapment of head and neck [Go to Page]
- 5.2.1 Rationale
- 5.2.2 Terms and definitions related to entrapment hazards
- Figure 3 — Examples of completely bound openings
- Figure 4 — Examples of partially bound openings
- Figure 5 — Examples of V shaped openings [Go to Page]
- 5.2.2.4
- Figure 6 — Example of an irregular shaped opening [Go to Page]
- 5.3 Requirements
- 5.4 Test equipment [Go to Page]
- 5.4.1 Probe philosophy
- 5.4.2 Hip probe
- Table 2 — Hip probe corresponding to smallest child
- Figure 7 — Hip probe [Go to Page]
- 5.4.3 Small head probe
- Table 3 — Head probe corresponding to smallest child
- Figure 8 — Small head probe [Go to Page]
- 5.4.4 Large head probe
- Table 4 — Head probe corresponding to largest child
- Figure 9 — Large head probe [Go to Page]
- 5.4.5 Template for partially bound and V shaped openings
- Figure 10 — Template for partially bound and V shaped openings [Go to Page]
- 5.4.6 Selection and use of probes [Go to Page]
- 5.4.6.1 Probe size
- 5.4.6.2 Feet first openings
- 5.4.6.3 Head first openings
- 5.4.6.4 Irregular shaped openings
- 5.4.6.5 Partially bound openings
- 5.5 Test methodology [Go to Page]
- 5.5.1 Feet first openings
- 5.5.2 Head first openings
- 5.5.3 Partially bound, V and irregular shaped openings
- Figure 11 — Method of insertion of portion B
- Figure 12 — Method of insertion of portion B
- Figure 13 — Method of insertion of portion A [Go to Page]
- 5.6 Entrapment of fingers [Go to Page]
- 5.6.1 Rationale
- 5.6.2 Requirements
- Figure 14 — Examples of the shape of openings which present a finger entrapment
- Figure 15 — Examples of openings which may not present a risk of hazardous finger entrapment [Go to Page]
- 5.6.3 Test equipment
- Figure 16 — 5 mm, 7 mm and 12 mm probes
- Figure 17 — Finger probe for mesh or flexible materials [Go to Page]
- 5.6.4 Test Methodology
- 5.7 Rationale for entrapment of limbs, feet and hands
- 6 Hazards from moving parts [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Rationale
- 6.2 General
- 6.3 Shearing hazards [Go to Page]
- 6.3.1 Requirements
- 6.3.2 Test equipment
- Figure 18 — Probe Ø 12 mm (0/+0,1 mm) [Go to Page]
- 6.3.3 Test method
- 6.4 Requirements for crushing hazards
- 7 Hazards with products designed to fold for storage and transportation. [Go to Page]
- 7.1 Rationale
- 7.2 Terms and definitions related to hazards with products designed to fold
- 7.3 Requirements [Go to Page]
- 7.3.1 General
- 7.3.2 Unintentional release of locking mechanisms
- 7.3.3 Test methodology [Go to Page]
- 7.3.3.1 Endurance test
- 7.3.3.2 Strength test
- 8 Hazards related to attachment mechanisms and opening and closing systems [Go to Page]
- 8.1 Rationale
- 8.2 Requirement
- 8.3 Test methodology
- 9 Entanglement hazards [Go to Page]
- 9.1 Snagging hazards [Go to Page]
- 9.1.1 Rationale
- 9.1.2 Requirements
- 9.1.3 Test Equipment [Go to Page]
- 9.1.3.1 General
- 9.1.3.2 Ball chain
- Figure 19 — Ball chain [Go to Page]
- 9.1.3.3 Spherical mass
- Figure 20 — Mass [Go to Page]
- 9.1.3.4 Ball chain loop and spherical mass
- Figure 21 — Loop and mass
- Figure 22 — Loop & mass [Go to Page]
- 9.1.4 Test Methodology for loop and mass
- Figure 23 — Retention of loop and mass [Go to Page]
- 9.2 Cords, ribbons and parts used as ties [Go to Page]
- 9.2.1 Rationale
- 9.2.2 Requirements
- 9.2.3 Test methodology
- Key
- Figure 24 — Examples of measuring cords, ribbons or parts used as a tie [Go to Page]
- 9.3 Loops [Go to Page]
- 9.3.1 Rationale
- 9.3.2 Requirements
- 9.3.3 Test methodology
- 10 Choking hazards [Go to Page]
- 10.1 Introduction
- 10.2 Hazard due to small components [Go to Page]
- 10.2.1 Rationale
- 10.2.2 Requirements
- 10.2.3 Test equipment (also used in 11.2.3) [Go to Page]
- 10.2.3.1 Small parts cylinder
- Figure 25 — Small parts cylinder [Go to Page]
- 10.2.3.2 Feeler gauge
- Figure 26 — Feeler gauge [Go to Page]
- 10.2.3.3 Clamps
- Figure 27 — Example of torque test clamp
- Figure 28 — Examples of tensile test clamps
- Figure 29 — Example of a tensile clamp [Go to Page]
- 10.2.4 Test methodology (also in 11.2.4) [Go to Page]
- 10.2.4.1 Assessment of child’s ability to grip components
- 10.2.4.2 Torque test
- 10.2.4.3 Tensile test
- 10.3 Accessibility of filling materials [Go to Page]
- 10.3.1 Rationale
- 10.3.2 Requirement
- 10.3.3 Test equipment
- Figure 30 — Test device
- Figure 31 — Test teeth [Go to Page]
- 10.3.4 Test methodology
- 10.4 Airway obstruction [Go to Page]
- 10.4.1 Rationale
- Figure 32 — Position of anatomical terms used relating to airway obstruction [Go to Page]
- 10.4.2 Protective mechanisms of the airway
- 10.4.3 Requirements
- Figure 33 – Example of product or part of the product with nearly spherical, hemispherical or cylindrical end [Go to Page]
- 10.4.4 Test equipment
- Figure 34 — Template A and B [Go to Page]
- 10.4.5 Test methodology
- 11 Suffocation hazards [Go to Page]
- 11.1 Introduction
- 11.2 Plastic decals and sheeting [Go to Page]
- 11.2.1 Rationale
- 11.2.2 Requirements
- 11.2.3 Determination of hazard
- 11.2.4 Test equipment [Go to Page]
- 11.2.4.1 Small parts cylinder
- Figure 35 — Small parts cylinder [Go to Page]
- 11.2.4.2 Feeler gauge
- Figure 36 — Feeler gauge [Go to Page]
- 11.2.5 Test methodology [Go to Page]
- 11.2.5.1 Test temperature
- 11.2.5.2 Soaking test
- 11.2.5.3 Adhesion test
- 11.2.5.4 Tension test
- 11.2.5.5 Measuring the thickness
- 11.3 Non air-permeable packaging [Go to Page]
- 11.3.1 Rationale
- 11.3.2 Requirements - Packaging
- 11.3.3 Test equipment
- 11.3.4 Test methodology
- 12 Ingestion hazards [Go to Page]
- 12.1 Rationale
- 12.2 Ingestion of small components [Go to Page]
- 12.2.1 Requirements
- 12.2.2 Test equipment (Also used in 11.2.3) [Go to Page]
- 12.2.2.1 Small parts cylinder
- Figure 37 — Small parts cylinder [Go to Page]
- 12.2.2.2 Feeler gauge
- Figure 38 — Feeler gauge [Go to Page]
- 12.2.2.3 Clamps
- Figure 39 — Example of torque test clamp
- Figure 40 — Examples of tensile test clamps
- Figure 41 — Example of a tensile clamp [Go to Page]
- 12.2.3 Test methodology [Go to Page]
- 12.2.3.1 Assessment of child’s ability to grip components
- 12.2.3.2 Torque test
- 12.2.3.3 Tensile test
- 13 Hazardous edges and projections [Go to Page]
- 13.1 Introduction
- 13.2 Edges [Go to Page]
- 13.2.1 Rationale
- 13.2.2 Requirements - Edges on products and components
- 13.2.3 Test methodology
- 13.3 Rigid protruding parts [Go to Page]
- 13.3.1 Rationale
- 13.3.2 Requirements
- 13.3.3 Test methodology
- 13.4 Points and wires [Go to Page]
- 13.4.1 Rationale
- 13.4.2 Requirement
- 14 Structural integrity [Go to Page]
- 14.1 Introduction
- 14.2 Material suitability [Go to Page]
- 14.2.1 Rationale
- 14.2.2 Requirements
- 14.3 Strength and durability of the product [Go to Page]
- 14.3.1 Rationale
- 14.3.2 Requirements
- 14.3.3 Test methodology
- 15 Protective function [Go to Page]
- 15.1 Introduction
- 15.2 Barrier function [Go to Page]
- 15.2.1 Rationale
- 15.2.2 Requirements [Go to Page]
- 15.2.2.1 Height
- Table 5 — Height according to age [Go to Page]
- 15.2.2.2 Gaps
- 15.2.3 Test equipment - Hip probe
- Table 6 — Hip probe corresponding to smallest child
- Figure 42 — Hip probe [Go to Page]
- 15.2.4 Test methodology [Go to Page]
- 15.2.4.1 Measurement of height
- 15.2.4.2 Gaps
- 15.2.4.3 Endurance test
- 15.3 Restraint systems [Go to Page]
- 15.3.1 Rationale
- 15.3.2 Terms and definitions related to restraint systems
- 15.3.3 Requirements [Go to Page]
- 15.3.3.1 Restraint system
- 15.3.3.2 Harness anchorage points
- 15.3.4 Test equipment
- Figure 43 — Test dummy [Go to Page]
- 15.3.5 Test methodology [Go to Page]
- 15.3.5.1 Effectiveness of the restraint system
- 15.3.5.2 Attachment of the restraint system to the product
- 15.3.5.3 Strength of fastener
- 15.3.5.4 Effectiveness of the adjustment system
- 15.3.5.5 Strength of the harness anchorage points
- 15.4 Footholds [Go to Page]
- 15.4.1 Rationale
- 15.4.2 Requirements
- 15.4.3 Test equipment (Templates)
- Figure 44 — Template for the foothold test (example of left hand template) [Go to Page]
- 15.4.4 Determination of a foothold [Go to Page]
- 15.4.4.1 Continuous structure
- Figure 45 — Examples of obscured triangles indicating a foothold on a continuous structure [Go to Page]
- 15.4.4.2 Non-continuous structure
- Figure 46 — Examples of obscured triangles indicating a foothold [Go to Page]
- 15.4.4.3 Wire, thin structures or similar parts
- Figure 47 — Examples of a foothold on a wire, thin structure and similar part [Go to Page]
- 15.4.4.4 Foot hold on an Intersecting or adjacent structures where the second structure prevents slipping
- 15.4.5 Test methodology [Go to Page]
- 15.4.5.1 Footholds on a continuous support at an angle less than 55
- 15.4.5.2 Footholds on a non-continuous support at an angle less than 55
- 15.4.5.3 Foot hold on a Wire, thin structures or similar parts at an angle less than 55
- 15.4.5.4 Foot hold on an intersecting or adjacent structure where the second structure prevents slipping
- 15.4.5.5 Footholds on rigid components covered by flexible materials
- Figure 48 — Examples of footholds on a continuous support at an angle less than 55
- Figure 49 — Examples of footholds on a non-continuous support at an angle less than 55
- Figure 50 — Examples of footholds on wire, thin structures or similar parts at an angle less than 55
- Figure 51 — Example of footholds on intersecting or adjacent structures where the second structure prevents slipping
- 16 Hazard associated with stability [Go to Page]
- 16.1 Rationale
- 16.2 General requirement
- Bibliography [Go to Page]