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365.1R-00: Service-Life Prediction, 2000
- MAIN MENU
- CONTENTS
- CHAPTER 1— INTRODUCTION [Go to Page]
- 1.1— Background
- 1.2—Scope
- 1.3—Document use
- CHAPTER 2— ENVIRONMENT, DESIGN, AND CONSTRUCTION CONSIDERATIONS [Go to Page]
- 2.1— Introduction
- 2.2—Environmental considerations [Go to Page]
- 2.2.1 Chemical attack [Go to Page]
- 2.2.1.1 Leaching
- 2.2.1.2 Delayed ettringite formation
- 2.2.1.3 Sulfate attack
- 2.2.1.4 Acid and base attack
- 2.2.1.5 Alkali-aggregate reactions
- 2.2.1.6 Steel reinforcement corrosion
- 2.2.1.7 Prestressing steel corrosion
- 2.2.2 Physical attack [Go to Page]
- 2.2.2.1 Salt crystallization
- 2.2.2.2 Freezing-and-thawing attack
- 2.2.2.3 Abrasion, erosion, and cavitation
- 2.2.2.4 Thermal damage
- 2.2.3 Combined effects
- 2.3—Design and structural loading considerations [Go to Page]
- 2.3.1 Background on code development
- 2.3.2 Load and resistance factors
- 2.4—Interaction of structural load and environmental effects
- 2.5—Construction-related considerations [Go to Page]
- 2.5.1 Initial fabrication [Go to Page]
- 2.5.1.1 Soil/subgrade preparation and form placement
- 2.5.1.2 Steel reinforcement placement
- 2.5.1.3 Concrete batching, mixing, and delivery
- 2.5.1.4 Concrete placement
- 2.5.2 Finishing and curing
- 2.5.3 Sequential construction [Go to Page]
- 2.5.3.1 Shoring and reshoring
- 2.5.3.2 Joints
- CHAPTER 3— IN-SERVICE INSPECTION, CONDITION ASSESSMENT, AND REMAINING SERVICE LIFE [Go to Page]
- 3.1— Introduction
- 3.2—Evaluation of reinforced concrete aging or degradation effects [Go to Page]
- 3.2.1 Concrete material systems [Go to Page]
- 3.2.1.1 Nondestructive test methods
- 3.2.1.2 Destructive test methods
- 3.2.1.3 Mixture composition
- 3.2.2 Steel reinforcing material systems
- 3.2.3 Anchorage embedments
- 3.3—Condition, structural, and service-life assessments [Go to Page]
- 3.3.1 Current condition
- 3.3.2 Structural assessment
- 3.3.3 Service-life assessments
- 3.4—Inspection and maintenance
- CHAPTER 4— METHODS FOR PREDICTING THE SERVICE LIFE OF CONCRETE [Go to Page]
- 4.1— Introduction
- 4.2—Approaches for predicting service life of new concrete [Go to Page]
- 4.2.1 Predictions based on experience
- 4.2.2 Predictions based on comparison of performance
- 4.2.3 Accelerated testing [Go to Page]
- 4.2.3.1 Approach
- 4.2.3.2 Application
- 4.2.4 Mathematical models [Go to Page]
- 4.2.4.1 Model of corrosion of reinforcing steel
- 4.2.4.2 Sulfate attack
- 4.2.4.3 Leaching
- 4.2.5 Stochastic methods [Go to Page]
- 4.2.5.1 Reliability method
- 4.2.5.2 Combination of statistical and deterministic models
- 4.3—Prediction of remaining service life [Go to Page]
- 4.3.1 Failure due to corrosion [Go to Page]
- 4.3.1.1 Modeling approach
- 4.3.1.2 Corrosion measurements
- 4.4—Predictions based on extrapolations
- 4.5—Summary
- CHAPTER 5— ECONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS [Go to Page]
- 5.1— Introduction
- 5.2—Economic analysis methods [Go to Page]
- 5.2.1 General
- 5.2.2 Methods
- 5.2.3 Uncertainty and risk [Go to Page]
- 5.2.3.1 Approach
- 5.2.3.2 Stochastic processes
- 5.2.3.3 Sensitivity
- 5.3—Economic issues involving service life of concrete structures [Go to Page]
- 5.3.1 New facility—predicted service life of candidate alternatives
- 5.3.2 Replacement analysis
- 5.3.3 Break-even service life
- 5.3.4 Perpetual service (capitalized cost)
- CHAPTER 6— EXAMPLES OF SERVICE-LIFE TECHNIQUES [Go to Page]
- 6.1 Example I—Relationship of amount of steel corrosion to time of concrete spalling
- 6.2 Example II—Comparison of competing degradation mechanisms to calculate remaining life
- 6.3 Example III—Utilization of multiple input to calculate the life of a structure
- 6.4 Example IV—When to repair, when to rehabilitate [Go to Page]
- 6.4.1 Methodology development
- 6.4.2 Application of the methodology
- 6.5 Example V—Utilization of reaction rate to calculate the life of a sewer pipe
- 6.6 Example VI—Estimating service life and maintenance demands of a diaphragm wall exposed to saline groundwater [Go to Page]
- 6.6.1 Time until steady-state moisture transport t1
- 6.6.2 Time to reach the critical concentration at the reinforcement t2
- 6.6.3 Time until required repair t3
- 6.6.4 Service life estimate of walls
- 6.7 Example VII—Application of time-dependent reliability concepts to a concrete slab and low-rise shear wall [Go to Page]
- 6.7.1 Concrete slab
- 6.7.2 Concrete low-rise shear wall
- CHAPTER 7— ONGOING WORK AND NEEDED DEVELOPMENTS [Go to Page]
- 7.1—Introduction
- 7.2—Designing for durability
- CHAPTER 8— REFERENCES [Go to Page]
- 8.1— Referenced standards and reports
- 8.2—Cited references [Go to Page]