ASTM D4645-87(1997)
Historical Standard: ASTM D4645-87(1997) Standard Test Method for Determination of the In-Situ Stress in Rock Using the Hydraulic Fracturing Method
SUPERSEDED (see Active link, below)
ASTM D4645
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the in-situ state of stress in rock by hydraulic fracturing.
Note 1-Hydraulic fracturing for stress determination is also referred to as hydrofracturing, and sometimes as minifracing. Hydraulic fracturing and hydrofracturing may also refer to fracturing of the rock by fluid pressure for the purpose of altering rock properties, such as permeability and porosity.1.2 Hydraulic fracturing is the only widely accepted field method available for in situ stress measurements at depths greater than 50 m. It can be used in drill holes of any diameter.
1.3 Hydraulic fracturing can also be used in short holes for which other stress measuring methods, such as overcoring, are also available. The advantage of hydraulic fracturing is that it yields stresses averaged over a few square metres (the size of the induced hydraulic fracture) rather than over grain size areas, as in the case of overcoring techniques.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D2113 Practice for Rock Core Drilling and Sampling of Rock for Site Investigation
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
D5079 Practices for Preserving and Transporting Rock Core Samples
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical Data
Keywords
drill holes; fluid pressure; hydraulic fracturing; in situ stress; Breakdown pressure; Cavern design; Field testing--rock; Fracture testing--rock; Hydraulic properties; Hydrofractured rock; In-situ soil/rock testing/analysis; Minifracturing; Permeability--soil/rock; Porosity; Pressure testing--rock; Pressure tunnel lining; Rock materials/properties/analysis; Stress--rock; Tensile properties/testing--soil/rock/related materials; Tunnels
ICS Code
ICS Number Code 93.020 (Earth works. Excavations. Foundation construction. Underground works)
DOI: 10.1520/D4645-87R97
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